Once, when the Buddha lived in the Garden of Solitude in the Gion Grove in the Acropolis, one day the Buddha said to the monks, "Disciples, if you come again today to talk about the law of karma, you should listen carefully, you should think carefully. ”

The monks replied, "Shizun, we will listen carefully to what you say, and we will think carefully." ”

The Buddha said, "Disciples, what is karma? Disciples, "acting" will be produced with "ignorance" as a prerequisite, "knowledge" will be produced with "action" as a prerequisite, "name" will be produced with "knowledge" as a precondition, "six places" will be produced with "famous color" as a precondition, "touch" will be produced with "touch" as a precondition, "receive" will be produced with "acceptance" as a precondition, "love" will be produced with "love" as a precondition, "take" will be produced with "taking" as a precondition, and "have" will be produced with "taking" as a prerequisite As a prerequisite, "birth" will arise, and "birth" as a prerequisite will produce sorrow, sadness, distress, worry, despair, aging, and death. Disciples, this is the process by which the sufferings and troubles of the world's people gather. ”

But, disciples, what is "confusion"? I just don't understand that the Four Noble Truths of the Way of Suffering and Annihilation are called "ignorance", and what are the Four Noble Truths of the Way of Suffering and Destruction? That is, all beings born in the world are very painful, the root of suffering is craving, and only by first eliminating craving can we eliminate suffering, and the way to eliminate suffering is to practice the Noble Eightfold Path (Eightfold Path explanation, see Chapter 18) disciples, who do not understand that the Four Noble Truths of the Way of Suffering and Annihilation are called "ignorance".

What is "OK"? The so-called "action" refers to three kinds of behavior: physical behavior, oral speech, and thoughts arising in the heart, and the creation and production of disciples' actions, words, and thoughts is "action".

What is "knowledge"? It is the understanding, distinction and judgment of external things, as well as spiritual thoughts, such as eye recognition, distinction, judgment of things, ear recognition, distinction, judgment of sound, nose recognition, distinction, judgment of smell, tongue recognition, distinction, judgment of taste, body recognition, distinction, judgment of touch feeling, inner cognition, distinction, judgment of thought. The disciples' understanding, distinction, and judgment of spiritual thoughts about external things are called "knowledge".

What is a "famous color"? Spirit, mind, and psychology are called "names", and material things and bodies are called "colors". Spiritual, mental, mental, and material things, including the body of a person or being, are collectively referred to as "names."

What are the "Six Places"? It is the things and things in the outside world, the spiritual thoughts of the outside world, the places where the body and heart of all living beings in the world are in contact, and the "six places" are: the eyes, ears, nose, tongue, body, and mind, that is, where the eyes touch things, where the ears touch the sound, where the nose touches the smell, where the tongue touches the taste, where the body touches things, where the heart touches external things and spiritual thoughts. Pay attention to the place that is only touched, not yet touched. That is to say, things and things in the outside world, spiritual thoughts are touched from these places by the bodies and hearts of all living beings in the world. The places where these beings' bodies and hearts come into contact with external things and spiritual thoughts are called the "six places."

What is "touch"? It is the things and things in the outside world, and the spiritual mind is contacted by the body and heart of all sentient beings in the world to produce cognition, that is, the eyes touch things and see things; The ear touches the sound and hears the sound; The nose touches the smell, smells the smell; The tongue touches the food and tastes the taste; The body touches things, producing a sense of touch; The heart comes into contact with the spiritual mind and begins to think. These are called "touches."

What is "received"? It is the feeling that all beings in the world have after they come into contact with things and things in the outside world, and spiritual thoughts. The feelings that the eyes produce after seeing things, the feelings that the ears produce after hearing sounds, the feelings that arise after the nose smells the smell, the feelings that arise after the tongue tastes the taste, the feelings that arise after the body touches things, and the feelings that arise after the heart touches spiritual thoughts. The disciples are called "receives."

What is "love"? That is, craving, that is, the world's people's craving for material things, the covetousness of the body, the covetousness of sound, the covetousness of smell, the covetousness of taste, the covetousness of touch feelings, the covetousness of the heart for various spiritual thoughts, disciples, these are called "love".

What is "take"? It is to be persistent, to grasp, to have greed for things in the world, to persist, persistent; clinging to erroneous opinions that are not in line with cause and effect; attachment to abstinences and taboos that have nothing to do with liberation; Attaching to the thesis that there is a real self in the world, in order to pursue and obtain these covetous and attached things and thoughts, there are physical actions, oral speech, and actual actions that generate thoughts in the heart. This is called "taking".

What is "Yes"? It is the generation of karma, good deeds are rewarded, and evil deeds are rewarded. If the actual behavior of behavior, speech, and thought is produced in order to satisfy desire, then there will be karma in terms of desire; If it is an actual act of acting, speaking, or thinking about things in the world, then there will be karma in material things. If it is an actual act that produces actions, words, and thoughts in terms of spiritual thought, then there will be karma in spiritual thought, in short, destruction, damage, harm to things, sentient beings, then the person or sentient being who commits these acts will also be destroyed, damaged, and harmed. When disciples have karma, karma arises as "being."

What is "birth"? That is, there are different kinds of beings in the world, there are births, reincarnations, and rebirths of beings, and there are manifestations and production of worldly things, bodies, feelings, thoughts, actions, and cognitions, and the emergence of places that accommodate the existence and living of sentient beings. The disciples are called "births."

What is "old death"? That is, all sentient beings in the world will age, for example, when people in the world age, they will lose teeth, turn white, and their skin will wrinkle, and over time, the eyes, ears, nose, tongue, body touch, heart, and various organs in the body will slowly degenerate, and the life expectancy will slowly decrease, which is "old". All beings in the world will die, die, and their bodies will decay and disappear. All sentient beings in the world, their eyes, ears, noses, tongues, body touch, heart, and all the organs in the body will lose their function, all will decay and disappear, these are called "death". Aging and death are collectively referred to as "old death".

Disciples, you should think carefully and carefully, such as repeating the law of karma: "action" will be produced with "ignorance" as a prerequisite, "knowledge" will be produced with "action" as a prerequisite, "name" will be produced with "knowledge" as a precondition, "six places" will be produced with "six places" as a precondition, "touch" will be produced with "touch" as a precondition, "receive" will be produced with "touch" as a precondition, "love" will be produced with "love" as a precondition, and "taking" will be produced with "love" as a precondition. Taking "taking" as a prerequisite will produce "being", taking "being" as a prerequisite will produce "birth", and taking "birth" as a prerequisite will produce sorrow, sadness, distress, worry, despair, aging, and death. Disciples, this is the process by which the sufferings and troubles of the world's people gather.

Disciples, after the elimination of "confusion" there will be no "action", after the elimination of "action" there will be no "knowledge", after the elimination of "knowledge" will not produce "famous color", after the "famous color" will not produce "six places", after the "six places" are eliminated there will not be "touch", after "touch" is eliminated there will be no "receive", after "acceptance" does not produce "love", after "love" is eliminated will not produce "take", after "taking" does not produce "have", after "take" does not produce "have", after "have" is eliminated will not produce "birth", "birth" will not arise After elimination, there will be no sorrow, sadness, bitterness, worry, despair, old age, death. Disciples, this is the process of eliminating the sufferings and troubles of the world.

Only by practicing in this way can disciples be forever liberated from the torment and pain of the cycle of life and death. ”

After the Buddha's teachings, the monks who listened to the teachings all paid homage to the Buddha again, praising the immeasurable merits of the Buddha's teachings, and they all practiced according to the Buddha's teachings.

Pali original scripture

SN.12.2/(2). Vibhaṅgasuttaṃ

　　 2. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati …pe… “paṭiccasamuppādaṃ vo, bhikkhave, desessāmi vibhajissāmi. Taṃ suṇātha, sādhukaṃ manasi karotha; bhāsissāmī”ti. “Evaṃ, bhante”ti kho te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca–

　　 “Katamo ca, bhikkhave, paṭiccasamuppādo? Avijjāpaccayā, bhikkhave, saṅkhārā; saṅkhārapaccayā viññāṇaṃ; viññāṇapaccayā nāmarūpaṃ; nāmarūpapaccayā saḷāyatanaṃ; saḷāyatanapaccayā phasso; phassapaccayā vedanā; vedanāpaccayā taṇhā; taṇhāpaccayā upādānaṃ; upādānapaccayā bhavo; bhavapaccayā jāti jātipaccayā jarāmaraṇaṃ sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā sambhavanti. Evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hoti.

　　 “Katamañca, bhikkhave, jarāmaraṇaṃ? Yā tesaṃ tesaṃ sattānaṃ tamhi tamhi sattanikāye jarā jīraṇatā khaṇḍiccaṃ pāliccaṃ valittacatā āyuno saṃhāni indriyānaṃ paripāko; ayaṃ vuccati jarā. Yā tesaṃ tesaṃ sattānaṃ tamhā tamhā sattanikāyā cuti cavanatā bhedo antaradhānaṃ maccu maraṇaṃ kālakiriyā khandhānaṃ bhedo kaḷevarassa nikkhepo, idaṃ vuccati maraṇaṃ. Iti ayañca jarā, idañca maraṇaṃ. Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, jarāmaraṇaṃ.

　　 “Katamā ca, bhikkhave, jāti? Yā tesaṃ tesaṃ sattānaṃ tamhi tamhi sattanikāye jāti sañjāti okkanti nibbatti abhinibbatti khandhānaṃ pātubhāvo āyatanānaṃ paṭilābho. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, jāti.

　　 “Katamo ca, bhikkhave, bhavo? Tayo me, bhikkhave, bhavā– kāmabhavo, rūpabhavo, arūpabhavo. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, bhavo.

　　 “Katamañca, bhikkhave, upādānaṃ? Cattārimāni, bhikkhave, upādānāni– kāmupādānaṃ, diṭṭhupādānaṃ, sīlabbatupādānaṃ, attavādupādānaṃ. Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, upādānaṃ.

　　 “Katamā ca, bhikkhave, taṇhā? Chayime, bhikkhave, taṇhākāyā– rūpataṇhā, saddataṇhā, gandhataṇhā, rasataṇhā, phoṭṭhabbataṇhā, dhammataṇhā. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, taṇhā.

　　 “Katamā ca, bhikkhave, vedanā? Chayime, bhikkhave, vedanākāyā– cakkhusamphassajā vedanā, sotasamphassajā vedanā, ghānasamphassajā vedanā, jivhāsamphassajā vedanā, kāyasamphassajā vedanā, manosamphassajā vedanā. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, vedanā.

　　 “Katamo ca, bhikkhave, phasso? Chayime, bhikkhave, phassakāyā– cakkhusamphasso, sotasamphasso, ghānasamphasso, jivhāsamphasso, kāyasamphasso, manosamphasso. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, phasso.

　　 “Katamañca, bhikkhave, saḷāyatanaṃ? Cakkhāyatanaṃ, sotāyatanaṃ, ghānāyatanaṃ, jivhāyatanaṃ, kāyāyatanaṃ, manāyatanaṃ– idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, saḷāyatanaṃ.

　　 “Katamañca bhikkhave, nāmarūpaṃ? Vedanā, saññā, cetanā, phasso, manasikāro– idaṃ vuccati nāmaṃ. Cattāro ca mahābhūtā, catunnañca mahābhūtānaṃ upādāyarūpaṃ. Idaṃ vuccati rūpaṃ. Iti idañca nāmaṃ, idañca rūpaṃ. Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, nāmarūpaṃ.

　　 “Katamañca, bhikkhave, viññāṇaṃ? Chayime, bhikkhave, viññāṇakāyā– cakkhuviññāṇaṃ, sotaviññāṇaṃ, ghānaviññāṇaṃ, jivhāviññāṇaṃ, kāyaviññāṇaṃ, manoviññāṇaṃ. Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, viññāṇaṃ.

　　 “Katame ca, bhikkhave, saṅkhārā? Tayome, bhikkhave, saṅkhārā– kāyasaṅkhāro, vacīsaṅkhāro, cittasaṅkhāro. Ime vuccanti, bhikkhave, saṅkhārā.

　　 “Katamā ca, bhikkhave, avijjā? Yaṃ kho, bhikkhave, dukkhe aññāṇaṃ, dukkhasamudaye aññāṇaṃ, dukkhanirodhe aññāṇaṃ, dukkhanirodhagāminiyā paṭipadāya aññāṇaṃ. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, avijjā.

　　 “Iti kho, bhikkhave, avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā; saṅkhārapaccayā viññāṇaṃ …pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hoti. Avijjāya tveva asesavirāganirodhā saṅkhāranirodho; saṅkhāranirodhā viññāṇanirodho …pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hotī”ti. Dutiyaṃ.