3. The Third Sutra of the Corresponding Section: The Sutra on Aging and Death
The event took place in Sravasti. King Pasenadi of Kosala sat to one side and said to the Blessed One, "Venerable sir, for those who are born, is there any other outcome besides aging and death?"
The Blessed One replied, "Great King, for those who are born, there is no other outcome besides aging and death. Great King, even for those wealthy Kshatriya families with great wealth, huge incomes, abundant gold and silver treasures, plentiful daily necessities, and ample food supplies - for these born beings, there is no other outcome besides aging and death. Great King, even for those wealthy Brahmin families... and wealthy householder families, with great wealth, huge incomes, abundant gold and silver treasures, plentiful daily necessities, and ample food supplies - for these born beings, there is no other outcome besides aging and death. Great King, even for those Arahant monks who have eradicated all defilements, completed their spiritual practice, done what needed to be done, laid down their burdens, reached the highest goal, completely severed the fetters of rebirth, and attained liberation through right wisdom - their bodies will also eventually break down and be discarded."
After speaking these words, the Blessed One added:
"Even ornate royal chariots will decay,
And the body too will age.
But the Dharma of the virtuous does not age,
This is what the sages teach to the world."
This passage is from a Buddhist sutra, describing a conversation between the Buddha (the Blessed One) and King Pasenadi of Kosala. This dialogue deeply explores the nature of life and the ultimate destiny of human existence, revealing a profound and universal truth: birth, aging, and death are inevitable processes for all living beings.
Let's delve into the wisdom contained in this dialogue:
1. The equality of life:
Whether rich Kshatriyas, Brahmins, householders, or fully enlightened Arahants, none can escape the fate of aging and death. This equality reminds us that in the face of life's ultimate questions, worldly status, wealth, and achievements seem insignificant. It inspires us to consider: given this, how should we spend our limited lifetimes?
2. The contrast between material and spiritual:
The Buddha emphasizes that even possessing great wealth and material enjoyments cannot change the essence of life. This leads us to reflect: while pursuing material prosperity, shouldn't we also focus on spiritual growth and inner richness?
3. The wisdom of impermanence:
"Even ornate royal chariots will decay, and the body too will age." This vividly depicts the impermanent nature of all worldly things. Recognizing this, we might better cherish the present and make wiser choices about how to spend our time.
4. The eternal pursuit:
"But the Dharma of the virtuous does not age" provides a perspective beyond life and death. It suggests that while the physical body will age and perish, we can leave an eternal impact by practicing the right Dharma and cultivating virtues. This inspires us to consider: what is truly worth pursuing throughout our lives?
5. The courage to face reality:
The Buddha discusses death directly and honestly, demonstrating the courage to face life's truths. This attitude inspires us: should we be more open to discussing and accepting the finite nature of life, thereby living a more meaningful and purposeful life?
6. The inheritance of wisdom:
"This is what the sages teach to the world." This sentence emphasizes the importance of passing down wisdom. It reminds us that the wisdom and insights of our predecessors can guide us through life's various challenges. How should we absorb this wisdom and pass it on to future generations?
This brief yet profound dialogue not only reveals the nature of life but also provides us with a new perspective to examine our existence, our choices, and the meaning of our lives. It invites us to transcend daily trivialities and contemplate those truly important questions: How should we live in our finite lives? How can we find true peace and satisfaction? How can we live a life without regrets in the face of an inevitable end?
Through such reflection, we may discover that true wisdom lies not in avoiding the reality of life, but in facing it, accepting it, and living a rich and meaningful life in this awareness. This may be the essence of the Buddha's teachings and the most valuable insight this dialogue leaves us.